Learn About Registering for the Draft

What Is Selective Service Registration?

Selective Service registration is a system that requires men in the United States to register with the federal government. This registration maintains a record of men who could potentially be called to serve in the armed forces if the country faced a major military crisis. The Selective Service System is an independent agency of the executive branch of the U.S. government, established under the Military Selective Service Act.

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Registration is not the same as being drafted. Registration simply means providing your name and basic information to the Selective Service System. It creates a record that exists in case a draft ever becomes necessary. Currently, no draft is in place, and there have been no draft inductions since 1973. However, registration is still required by law for certain groups of people.

The registration process has been in place for decades. During peacetime, the system maintains records but does not call people to active duty. The system can be activated if Congress and the President determine that military needs require it during a national emergency. Understanding what registration is helps clarify why the requirement exists and what obligations come with it.

Registration takes only a few minutes to complete. The form requests basic personal information including your name, date of birth, address, and Social Security number. No medical examination or background investigation is required at the time of registration. The information is stored in a database managed by the Selective Service System.

Practical takeaway: Registration is a legal requirement for most men but does not mean you will be drafted. It is simply a way for the government to maintain contact information in case military personnel are needed during a national emergency.

Who Must Register and Age Requirements

Federal law requires all men living in the United States between the ages of 18 and 25 to register with Selective Service. This requirement applies to U.S. citizens, immigrants, and non-citizens living in the country. Men who are citizens or permanent residents must register. Men who are in the country on temporary visas, such as student visas or work visas, are also required to register.

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The registration requirement begins on the day a man turns 18 years old. According to Selective Service System data, approximately 16 million men are required to be registered at any given time in the United States. Men must register within 30 days of turning 18. This 30-day window is important because failing to register on time can result in serious consequences, which are discussed in other sections of this guide.

Some groups of men are not required to register. Women are not required to register under current law. Men who are not U.S. citizens and are not permanent residents may not be required to register, depending on their immigration status. Additionally, men who are incarcerated in a federal prison facility at the time they turn 18 may have different requirements. Non-citizen men with certain visa types, such as A-1 or G-1 diplomatic visas, do not have to register.

For men who have permanent resident status but are not yet U.S. citizens, registration is required. A green card holder who is male and between 18 and 25 must register. This applies whether the person is a lawful permanent resident or has conditional permanent resident status. The requirement exists because these individuals are living in the United States and could potentially be needed for military service.

Men who turn 26 years old are no longer required to register. The registration system focuses on the 18-to-25 age range because this is the age range most likely to be called for military service in any draft scenario. Men who fail to register before turning 26 cannot later register and make up for the missed requirement.

Practical takeaway: If you are a man between 18 and 25 living in the United States, you likely need to register within 30 days of turning 18. Check your immigration status and age to determine if you have an obligation to register.

Reasons for Registration and National Security Context

The Selective Service System exists to maintain a list of potential military personnel in case the nation faces a severe military crisis. The system was created after World War II and has remained in place through various periods of American history. Even though no draft has occurred since 1973, Congress has maintained the registration requirement because it provides a mechanism for rapid mobilization if needed.

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The purpose of registration is primarily defensive. The existence of a registration system allows the country to respond quickly if military strength becomes necessary. Without this system, starting a draft would take considerably longer and would be more difficult to manage. Registration creates an organized database that can be used to contact and process people for military service if Congress votes to institute a draft.

Modern military operations have not required a draft for over 50 years. The U.S. armed forces have operated as an all-volunteer force since 1973. This means that no one has been forced to serve through a draft for five decades. However, lawmakers maintain the registration system as a backup plan. In 2016, the National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service examined the registration system and made recommendations about its future. The commission noted that the registration system costs approximately $24 million per year to maintain.

Registration information is kept confidential and is only used for specific purposes. The Selective Service System does not share personal information with other government agencies except in very limited circumstances defined by law. Employers, schools, and other organizations do not receive information from Selective Service files without proper legal authority.

The registration requirement reflects a principle that many democracies use: the idea that citizens and residents may have obligations to their country during extreme circumstances. Different countries handle this principle differently. Some maintain draft systems; others do not. The United States has chosen to keep registration in place as a precautionary measure while using an all-volunteer military for current operations.

Practical takeaway: Registration exists as a backup system for national security, not as a pathway to immediate military service. Understanding this purpose helps clarify why the requirement remains in place despite decades without an actual draft.

How to Register and Step-by-Step Process

Registration can be completed in several different ways. The most common method is online through the official Selective Service website at www.sss.gov. The online registration process is straightforward and takes approximately five minutes to complete. You will need your Social Security number and a valid form of identification to register online. A computer, tablet, or smartphone with internet access is all that is needed.

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To register online, visit the Selective Service website and click on the registration section. You will be asked to provide your full legal name, date of birth, Social Security number, current address, phone number, and email address. The website uses a secure connection to protect your information. After submitting the form, you will receive a confirmation number. You should save or print this confirmation for your records, though no physical registration card is issued.

If you do not have internet access or prefer not to register online, other methods are available. You can register in person at certain locations including some Post Offices, military recruitment offices, and driver's license facilities in many states. When registering in person, bring a form of identification and be prepared to provide the same information as you would online. Staff at these locations can assist with the paper registration form.

Men who are obtaining or renewing a driver's license or state identification can often register at the same time. Many states have agreements with Selective Service to offer registration when people visit motor vehicle departments. You can ask specifically about this option when you visit. This integrated approach makes registration convenient for people who are already completing other official business.

Some employers and schools also provide registration information and forms to their employees and students. Military recruitment offices maintain registration forms and information about the process. If you are unsure where to register, you can contact the Selective Service System by phone or through their website to find nearby registration locations or to ask questions about the process.

Practical takeaway: You have multiple registration options available. Online registration through www.sss.gov is usually the fastest and most convenient method, but other options exist if you prefer in-person registration or do not have internet access.

Consequences of Not Registering

Failing to register with Selective Service can result in serious legal and practical consequences. Men who do not register when required face potential criminal charges. Under federal law, failure to register is a felony offense. A conviction can result in fines up to $250,000 and possible imprisonment for up to five years. These penalties are significant and can affect a person's future opportunities and quality of life.

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Beyond criminal penalties, failing to register can affect many aspects of daily life. Men