Learn About Real ID Requirements and Standards

What Is REAL ID and Why It Matters

REAL ID is a federal standard for state-issued driver's licenses and ID cards. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security created this standard after the September 11, 2001 attacks to improve security and make identification documents harder to counterfeit. Starting May 7, 2025, federal law requires that all individuals present a REAL ID-compliant driver's license or ID card to board domestic flights within the United States. This applies to commercial air travel, not driving or other activities.

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A REAL ID driver's license or ID card looks similar to a standard license but includes a gold star or similar marking in the upper right corner. This star indicates that your document meets federal security standards. The law applies to all U.S. states and territories, including the District of Columbia, though each state manages its own implementation of the standard.

Many people confuse REAL ID with a national ID card. REAL ID is not a new document—it is a set of standards that states must follow when issuing driver's licenses and ID cards. You do not need to obtain a separate card. Instead, when you renew or replace your current license or ID, your state will issue a REAL ID-compliant version if you provide the required documents.

The federal requirement affects approximately 260 million Americans who hold valid driver's licenses. According to the Department of Homeland Security, as of early 2024, about 245 million people held REAL ID-compliant licenses or were eligible to obtain one. This means the majority of Americans already meet or can meet the standard relatively easily.

Takeaway: REAL ID is a federal standard for driver's licenses and ID cards that will be required for domestic air travel starting May 7, 2025. It is not a new document but an upgrade to your existing state-issued ID that includes enhanced security features.

Understanding the REAL ID Standards and Requirements

REAL ID standards establish specific security and verification measures that states must use when issuing driver's licenses and ID cards. These standards focus on three main areas: document security, identity verification, and database security. Understanding these standards helps you know what information states collect and how they verify your identity.

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Document security standards require that driver's licenses and ID cards include machine-readable information, security features to prevent counterfeiting, and holograms or other tamper-evident features. Each state implements these features differently, but all must meet minimum federal standards. For example, licenses must include your full legal name, date of birth, gender, address, signature, and a photograph. States may also include additional information like height, eye color, or distinguishing marks.

Identity verification standards require that state motor vehicle agencies verify the documents you present when you obtain or renew a license. You must provide:

• A document proving your U.S. citizenship or lawful status (such as a birth certificate, passport, or green card)
• A document proving your identity (such as a passport, military ID, or school ID)
• A document proving your residential address (such as a utility bill, lease, or bank statement)
• Your Social Security number or proof of ineligibility

States must verify these documents through appropriate channels. For example, they cross-check birth certificates with vital records offices, verify Social Security numbers with the Social Security Administration, and may contact other agencies to confirm information. The standards also require that states electronically verify a person's lawful status in the United States if applicable.

Database security standards require that states maintain secure databases and share information in real-time with other state motor vehicle agencies. This allows states to identify people who have obtained licenses in multiple states using false information. States must also implement strong security measures to prevent unauthorized access to driver information and prevent the creation of fraudulent documents.

Takeaway: REAL ID standards require states to verify your citizenship, identity, and address through specific documents and to maintain secure systems that check this information against federal databases. Know what documents your state requires before you visit the motor vehicle agency.

State-by-State Compliance Status and Variations

All 50 states, Washington D.C., and most U.S. territories have met or are on track to meet REAL ID compliance. However, implementation dates and specific requirements vary slightly by state. As of 2024, most states have achieved full compliance, meaning they issue REAL ID-compliant licenses to residents who meet the standards. A few states may still be in the transition phase, but all will be compliant by the May 7, 2025 federal deadline.

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States fall into three main categories regarding compliance. First, some states fully comply and issue REAL ID licenses as standard when you obtain or renew a license. Second, some states issue both REAL ID and non-compliant licenses, meaning you can choose which type to receive. Third, a small number of states had temporary extensions but must now comply like all others. You can check your state's specific status on the Department of Homeland Security website, which lists each state's compliance status and any special requirements.

Individual state requirements differ in several ways. Some states charge a higher fee for REAL ID licenses compared to standard licenses. For example, some states charge $5 to $15 more for a REAL ID license. Other states charge the same fee for both types. The documents required to prove citizenship, identity, and address may also vary slightly. For instance, one state might accept a utility bill as proof of address, while another might require a lease or property tax statement.

Some states offer REAL ID licenses at expanded locations beyond traditional motor vehicle offices. Certain states partner with banks, post offices, or other agencies to allow residents to obtain or renew REAL ID licenses at convenient locations. Other states maintain traditional motor vehicle office locations only. The time required to obtain a REAL ID license varies by state and individual circumstances. Some people receive their license the same day, while others wait a few weeks if additional verification is needed.

A few states allow residents to request a non-compliant license if they have privacy concerns or other reasons. These non-REAL ID licenses cannot be used for domestic air travel but remain valid for driving. Check your state's specific policy if you have concerns about privacy or data collection. The Department of Homeland Security provides a detailed state-by-state guide with contact information for each state motor vehicle agency.

Takeaway: All states meet REAL ID standards, but specific requirements, fees, and processes vary. Visit your state motor vehicle agency's website or contact them directly to learn about your state's specific requirements and whether you need an appointment.

Documents You Need to Bring When Obtaining REAL ID

Preparing the correct documents before visiting your state motor vehicle agency makes the process faster and reduces the chance of delays. The federal REAL ID standard requires certain documents to verify citizenship, identity, and address. Most states follow a consistent set of document requirements, though some accept alternative documents. Gathering your documents before your appointment prevents additional trips to the motor vehicle agency.

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Proof of U.S. citizenship or lawful permanent resident status is required. Acceptable documents typically include:

• Original or certified birth certificate
• U.S. passport or passport card
• Consular report of birth abroad
• Certificate of naturalization
• Permanent resident card (green card)
• Employment Authorization Document (EAD) with unexpired I-94 arrival/departure record
• Tribal enrollment card with ID number

Proof of identity is also required. Acceptable documents may include:

• Valid passport
• Valid military ID
• School ID with photograph
• Expired passport (if issued within the past 5 years)
• Valid state driver's license from another state
• Social Security card (in some states)

Proof of current residential address is necessary. Most states accept documents such as:

• Recent utility bill (gas, electric, water, internet, or cell phone)
• Lease or rental agreement
• Property tax statement or assessment notice
• Bank or credit card statement
• Mortgage statement
• Insurance policy